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Afholdte arrangementer

MOVEP 2022

PhD summer school

MOVEP 2022

15th Summer School on Modelling and Verification of Parallel Processes

MOVEP is a five-day summer school on modelling and verification of infinite state systems. It aims to bring together researchers and students working in the fields of control and verification of concurrent and reactive systems.

MOVEP 2022 will consist of ten invited tutorials. In addition, there will be special sessions that allow PhD students to present their on-going research (each talk will last around 20 minutes). Extended abstracts (1-2 pages) of these presentations will be published in informal proceedings.

The organisation committee is closely monitoring the COVID situation. Currently, we are planning for an in-person school in Aalborg with the possibility for remote participation for those that cannot attend in person. Should it become necessary, the school will be held virtually.

Speakers
  • Giovanni Bacci, AAU
    From Bisimulaltions to Metrics via Couplings
  • David Baelde, ENS RENNES & IRISA
    Formal Proofs of Cryptographic Protocols with Squirrel
  • Christel Baier, Technische Universität Dresden
    From verification to causality-based explications
  • Wojciech Czerwinski, University of Warsaw
    The reachability problem for vector addition systems
  • Bartek Klin, Oxford University
    Computation theory over sets with atoms
  • Laura Kovacs, Vienna University of Technology
    First-order theorem proving and vampire
  • Anca Muscholl, Labri & Université Bordeaux
    A view on string transducers
  • Nir Piterman, Chalmers University of Technology
    Reactive synthesis Amaury Pouly, IRIF – Linear Dynamical Systems: Reachability and invariant generation
  • Renaud Vilmart, LMF & INRIA
    How to verify quantum processes
Target group

PhD students

Sponsors
  • Dept. of Computer Science, Aalborg University
  • The VILLUM Investigator Center S4OS “Scalable analysis and Synthesis of Safe, Secure and Optimal Strategies for Cyber-Physical Systems”
  • DIREC – Digital Research Centre Denmark
Kategorier
DIREC TALKS

DIREC TALKS: Changing the Game: How Data Science has Transformed the Games Industry

Changing the Game: How Data Science has Transformed the Games Industry

The interactive entertainment industry has grown dramatically in the past decade and is recently projected to reach 230 billion USD in global yearly revenue, making it one of the super-heavyweight sectors in entertainment. Estimates place the number of people worldwide who currently play computer games at over 4 billion.

Tracking detailed interaction behaviour from this number of people results in truly massive datasets. With the rapid growth and innovation in the sector, data has come to the forefront as a means for informing decision making. This has in turn spurred the evolution of the domain of Game Data Science – a cross-disciplinary area that merges perspectives from multiple academic domains to help the Creative Industries make sense – and use – of the rapidly growing data space. Given the constant changes in games, the people who play them and the communities that support them, data from games tend to be volatile, requiring that they be acted on rapidly.

In addition to supporting the industry, the data from video games and gamified applications has permitted Game Data Science to target a broad variety of research questions, from exploring human behaviour to developing new algorithms for real-time analytics, as well as exploring mental health and global cultural shifts.

Game Data Science has had a direct impact on the interactive entertainment industry within the past few years, as the practice of tracking and analysing the behaviour of players and processes has emerged as a key component of game development in this age of mobile platforms, increased game persistence and non-retail-based revenue models.

In this DIREC Talk, Anders Drachen will dive into Game Data Science, explaining what makes games unique and the changes in the industry that build them. A central focus of the presentation will be the user, the player, who is alfa and omega for the success of games, whether they are intended for entertainment or educational purposes.

Drachen will also cover:

  • the brief but turbulent history of data science applied in games.
  • the current state of the art in the sector.
  • the fundamental approaches toward problem-solving and the knowledge discovery process inherent in the domain.
  • examples of how Game Data Science operates in practice. The Innovate UK Demonstrator Project Weavr will be presented, which has delivered ground-breaking new data-driven visualisations to esports stakeholders.

Key takeaways from this DIREC Talk

  • An overview of the role of data science in the games industry
  • Some of the cross-disciplinary challenges and opportunities that have emerged in this fast-evolving area

Anders Drachen

PROFESSOR,
MAERSK MCKINNEY-MOELLER INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN DENMARK

Speaker

Anders Drachen

Anders Drachen, PhD, (born 1976) is Professor and Head of the Game Development and Learning Technologies Unit at the Maersk McKinney-Moeller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, as well as Lead Analyst for Weavr, which is building new data-driven audience experiences across esports and sports and Co-Director for the Arena Research Cluster, an international research network focused on innovation in esports and sports. He is also affiliated with various universities, committees, and networks, e.g. the Digital Creativity Labs (former co-director), a UK Digital Economy Hub and World Centre for Excellence, which connects 100+ partners in delivering impact-driven research in games, interactive media and the rich space in which they converge at the University of York (UK), the Turing Institute data visualisation SIG, the IGGI Centre for Doctoral Training, and is adjunct faculty at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology.

He is recognized as one of the world’s most influential people in business intelligence in the Creative Industries, and a core innovator in the domain with 170+ publications across game analytics and games user research. His work has assisted major international game publishers, as well as SMEs, make better decisions based on their data, and led to the introduction of new value-generating practices across more than a dozen major game companies. As an interdisciplinary, veteran data scientist, his work has reached across user behaviour, user experience, business intelligence, big data, machine learning, information systems, human-computer interaction, digital business transformation, data visualisation, audience interaction, design, psychology, health, supply chains and blockchain.   He is editor/author of three field-defining books in the Creative Industries domain: Game Analytics – Maximizing the Value of Player Data, which has seen over 200,000 downloads, Games User Research, a standard work of reference in the games industry, and Game Data Science.  

His research has been covered by international print and online media worldwide. Major national print and online news outlets such as Wired, New York Post and Forbes have covered his research which has attained global attention on multiple occasions. His research work has received five best paper awards and two honourable mentions at major conferences including the Eleventh Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE) in 2015 and the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in 2019.

He was part of the team behind the International Game Development Association’s Special Interest Group on Games Research and User Experience, which today counts over 3100 members worldwide. He is a member of the board of the International Game Development Association’s Special Interest Group on Game Analytics. He is a member of Turing Institute Special Interest Group on Data Visualisation and the Council of Professors and Heads of Computing in the United Kingdom. He is a member of multiple other international special interest groups and committees.

He has organized several international conferences and workshops and served on dozens of conference committees. He collaborates with international networks of colleagues in academia and industry and works with students worldwide on research projects. He is a strong proponent of work-integrated learning and an active partner for the Creative Industries in matchmaking students for internships and careers.

Having lived and worked on four different continents, Anders Drachen has had the mixed pleasure of fending off three shark attacks in Africa and Australia. He is also the youngest Dane in history to publish a cooking book – dedicated to ice cream. In his spare time, he writes books for children about technology and economics (www.aequipectenpublishing.com).

Kategorier
Afholdte arrangementer

Young Researcher Entrepreneurship Academy

PhD summer school

Young Researcher Entrepreneurship Academy

Join the Young Researcher Entrepreneurship Academy (YREA) PhD summer school to grow your entrepreneurial mindset and learn how that can benefit both your current research and future career. 

The course specifically leverages AI, data science, and computer science in the service of societal and environmental challenges in for instance health-tech, green-tech, manufacturing, and business. The aim is to build entrepreneurial capacity and to increase the establishment of university-based startups.

YREA is for you if you are interested in:

  • Insights into ideation, ML Ops, entrepreneurial mindset, testing business ideas, negotiation, etc.
  • Knowing how to create a balanced, flexible career in the intersection of entrepreneurship and academia.
  • Meeting inspiring, like-minded individuals while engaging in active learning approaches.
  • Being invited to an optional follow-up module in fall 2022 as well as pitching event at Digital Tech Summit 2022.
  • 2.5 ETCS Points and free of charge course.
The programme

The themes for each of the three days are as follows:

Day 1: Develop your entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, and mindset.

Day 2: Learn how to turn an idea into an enterprise.

Day 3: Build your enterprise – management and negotiation skills.

The programme is co-developed by DTU, DIREC, AI Pioneer Centre, AU and CBS

Speakers
  • Serge Belonge, PhD, Professor at University of Copenhagen, DIKU, and director of AI Pioneer Centre
  • Thomas Riisgaard Hansen, PhD, Director of DIREC – Digital Research Centre Denmark
  • Camilla Nørgaard Jensen, PhD, Innovation Program Leader, DTU Skylab
  • Michael Bjørnlund, Investor, ROCKSTART
  • Lars Kai Hansen, PhD, Professor, Cognitive Systems, DTU Compute
  • Julie Strandesen Hooge, Commercialisation Manager, DTU
  • Anne Stampe, Co-founder and CEO, Nordic Female Founders
  • Luna Agerholm Gyalokay, Senior Venture Builder, KRING
Target Group

The YREA programme welcomes participants of all genders, ethnicities, capabilities and religions from a computer/data related discipline, with little or no business experience from any Danish university.

Participants include PhD students, Post-doctoral researchers, Master students and Innovation officers at universities.

Kategorier
DIREC TALKS

DIREC TALKS: How corona changed distributed work – The future challenges in hybrid work

How corona changed distributed work – The future challenges in hybrid work

The corona pandemic changed the perspective on how organizations think about the challenges in collaboration across geographical distance.

 

The distance framework from 2000 has been fundamental to how we think about the design and use of technology supporting cooperative work. In 2014, the framework was changed due to new technological opportunities. With corona, the challenges embedded in distributed work changed again in 2020 and now, after the pandemic, we have a situation where organizations think about how to utilize the learnings from the pandemic in the future workplace.

Professor Pernille Bjørn from University of Copenhagen will take us though the different frameworks and discuss the fundamental challenges in distributed and hybrid work before she presents potential ideas for how to move forward in an organization in terms of future work situations.

PERNILLE BJØRN

PROFESSOR, DEPT. OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN

Speaker

Pernille Bjørn

My main research falls into the research domain of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). CSCW is an interdisciplinary research agenda with two main aims, namely to 1) investigate the basic nature of collaborative work, with the aim of 2) designing collaborative technologies.

Since 2006, I have studied the collaborative work practices in several different domains: Software development, Healthcare, Engineering, and Education. The collective contribution of all this work has to date added to unpacking practices of routine, coordination, sorting, triage, awareness, commitment, coupling of work, knowledge sharing, and cultural difficulties. Unpacking of complexities of collaborative practices can be done in many ways, and most currently we have looked into how digital tracking technologies can facilitate architectural practices of future hospitals. The purpose of this work is to figure out how to bring these insights into the way we think, design, adapt, and embed collaborative technologies.

Most recently, my interest has moved towards more design-oriented interests especially how to utilise the potentials of digital fabrication technologies for exploratory prototyping. In particular, I am interested in exploring Maker communities and the role which Makerspaces have in facilitating entrepreneurship and innovation. More concretely, exploring how disruptive technologies e.g. Blockchain have the ability to change innovation. Current work also includes exploring the role of critical design artefacts, and the ways in which we can challenge current trends within development of digital interactive technologies.

Kategorier
Afholdte arrangementer

Kvantecomputing – hvad er mulighederne og vejen frem?

Kvantecomputing – hvad er mulighederne og vejen frem?

ATV, IDA og DIREC inviterer til fælles seminar om hvilke muligheder og udviklingsområder, der på nuværende tidspunkt er med kvantecomputing.

Ved tilmelding skal du oprette dig som bruger på ATV – det er gratis

Formålet med seminaret er at give deltagerne:

  • et overblik over feltets muligheder og udviklingsområder, fagligt og anvendelsesrettet
  • indsigt i de centrale forskningsmæssige arbejdsområder
  • indsigt i hvilke use cases, der er mest oplagte i forhold til kvantecomputing
  • og indsigt og drøftelse af, hvad man reelt kan i dag med kvantecomputing.

Vi byder på faglige indlæg af høj kvalitet, der afdækker forskellige sider af muligheder og udfordringer. Derudover vil vi gennemføre workshops med det formål at dele viden mellem forskellige fagområder og at skabe nye relationer mellem dygtige forskere og virksomheder, der er interesseret i at samarbejde om at løse nogle af udfordringerne relateret til kvantecomputing.

Seminaret har relevans for både forskere i digitale teknologier og virksomheder, der enten arbejder med kvanteteknologi, digitale teknologier eller har interesse i samspillet mellem kvante (fysik) og computing (IT), samt andre organisationer, der er nysgerrige på nyere, digitale teknologier.

DAGENS PROGRAM

10.30: Velkomst v. Thomas Risgaard Hansen, direktør, DIREC

10.40: Kvantecomputer udvikling: En opdatering fra frontlinjerne v. Adjunkt Morten Kjærgaard, Niels Bohr Instituttet, KU

I dette oplæg vil Morten fortælle om frontlinjerne i udvikling af kvantecomputer hardware. Ved at erstatte transistorer i en klassisk computer med kvantemekaniske systemer kan man åbne for radikalt anderledes beregningsmetoder, og dermed løse visse problemer, som er praktisk talt umulige, selv på de gigantiske supercomputere, vi har i dag. En af de ledende hardwareplatforme til kvantecomputere er de såkaldte ’superledende kvantebits’, som er brugt af bl.a. Google og IBM. Morten vil fortælle om, hvor frontlinjeforskning lige nu ligger indenfor udvikling af denne platform, hvor langt vi er, hvad de største problemer er, samt fortælle om kvantefejlretning — et centralt element i fremtidige store kvantecomputere.

11:00: Kvantesoftware v. Professor Matthias Christandl, Institut for Matematiske Fag, KU

Hver eneste dag bruger vi computere, bærbare, tablets og mobiltelefoner. De består af den hardware, fx processorer, hukommelse og skærme, som vi holder i vores hånd, men de består også af software, som styrer dem, fx Windows, iOS, Word, Excel, Zoom eller Teams. Med kvantecomputeren bliver en helt ny type computer til virkelighed. Dens styrke ligger i, at den ikke – som en konventionel computer – bliver styret af bits, der kun kan være 0 eller 1. Kvantecomputeren bliver styret af kvantebits, som kan være 0 *og* 1 på samme tid. Det kræver selvfølgelig en ny type hardware: kvantehardware. Men det kræver også en ny type software, nemlig kvantesoftware, som kan udnytte kræfterne og fordelene som ligger i kvanteteknologien. I oplægget vil Matthias Christandl introducere kvanteversionen af den berømte Turing-maskine og diskutere kompleksitet af kvantealgoritmer. Christandl vil illustrere dette fascinerende forskningsfelt ved at logge på en kvantecomputer i USA og køre vores kvantesoftware “live” på denne kvantehardware.

11:20: Workshop: Hvad er de forsknings- og udviklingsmæssige udfordringer og muligheder, vi skal have løst, hvis vi skal kvantecomputeren til at fungere? Faciliteres af Ulrik Busk Hoff

12:00: Frokost og netværk

12:30: Ud af laboratoriet og ind i virksomhederne – kvantecomputere i den virkelige verden v. Professor Nikolaj Thomas Zinner, Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, AU, Kvantify

Udviklingen af kvantecomputere går stærkt i disse år efter at store kommercielle firmaer har kastet sig ind i kampen om at bygge det første stor-skala system til alment brug. Imidlertid vil det være meget specialiserede systemer vi forventer at se først, og det er afgørende at udvikle algoritmer og software, som har slutbrugere i forskellige industrielle sektorer for øje. Nicolai Zinner vil i dette oplæg drøfte nogle eksempler på problemstillinger, hvor kvantecomputeren vil have en fordel både den på korte og den lange bane.

12:55: Tilgængelige platforme samt hvad man kan med kvantecomputere i dag v. Partner Bent Dalager, Nordic Head of NewTech, KPMG

Bent Dalager holder oplæg om anvendelsen af kvantecomputing i praksis lige nu. Han giver nogle case-eksempler og tale om nogle af de quantum computing-platforme, som kan bruges (IBM, Microsoft, AWS).

13:20: Kort pause med forfriskninger

13:30: Kvantecomputeren i praksis – demonstration og afprøvning Faciliteret workshop med ph.d.-studerende Stig Elkjær Rasmussen, Institut for Fysisk og Astronomi, AU og ph.d.-studerende Vincent Steffan fra Institut for Matematiske Fag, KU

Deltagerne vil få vist, hvordan man tilgår og programmerer på en fungerende kvantecomputer. Der kræves ingen forudgående viden om kvantemekanik, dog forventes deltagerne at have kendskab til grundlæggende lineær algebra, og man bedes medbringe egen bærbar computer. Efter deltagelse på workshoppen får man førstehåndserfaring med at kode på en kvantecomputer.

14:00: Minipaneldebat: Anvendelser på kort og lang sigt, og hvad skal der til? Faciliteres af Ulrich Busk Hoff

Panel:

  • Matthias Christandl, Professor, Institut for Matematiske Fag, KU
  • Nikolaj Thomas Zinner, Professor, Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, AU, Kvantify
  • Bent Dalager, Partner, Nordic Head of NewTech, KPMG

14:55: Afslutning Akademidirektør v. Lia Leffland, ATV

15:00-17.00: Netværk og forfriskninger

Kategorier
Nyheder

Nyt millionprojekt skal udstyre maskinlæring med et sikkerhedsskjold

30 million project grant for providing a safety shield for machine learning

Professor Kim Guldstrand Larsen fra Institut for Datalogi på Aalborg Universitet modtager en Villum Investigator-bevilling på 30 mio. kr. Pengene skal gå til et nyt projekt, der skal styrke sikkerheden i såkaldt cyber-fysiske systemer som selvkørende biler og medicinsk udstyr.

Kategorier
Nyheder

Vi står klar til at hjælpe: To nye nationale tech-samarbejder giver din virksomhed global konkurrencefordel

Klumme i Computerworld

Vi står klar til at hjælpe: To nye nationale tech-samarbejder giver din virksomhed global konkurrencefordel

(Foto: Dan Jensen) 

Danmark har i 2020 fået to nye landsdækkende aktører inden for digital innovation, som kan fremme innovationskraften inden for fremtidens digitale teknologier og forretning.

Vi hører det igen og igen: Digital innovation og brugen af de absolut nyeste digitale teknologier er essentielle i virksomheder, når vi skal øge dansk konkurrenceevne ved at skabe fremtidssikrede produkter, øge produktivitet og effektivisere virksomheder.

Samtidig viser undersøgelser, at mange virksomheder stadig trykker på bremsen i stedet for speederen i den digitale fremdrift.

Kategorier
Bridge-projekt

Verifiable and Safe AI for Autonomous Systems

DIREC-projekt

Verifiable and safe ai for autonomous systems

Resumé

Den hastigt voksende anvendelse af maskinlæringsteknikker i cyberfysiske systemer fører til bedre løsninger og produkter med hensyn til tilpasningsevne, ydeevne, effektivitet, funktionalitet og brugervenlighed.
Cyberfysiske systemer er dog ofte sikkerhedskritiske, fx selvkørende biler eller medicinsk udstyr, og behovet for verifikation mod potentielt dødsulykker er af afgørende betydning.

Sammen med virksomhedsdeltagerne har dette projekt til formål at udvikle metoder og værktøjer, der vil sætte industrien i stand til automatisk at sammensætte konstruktionsmæssigt korrekte og næsten optimale controllere til sikkerhedskritiske systemer inden for en række forskellige domæner.

AI technologies may present new safety risks for users when they are embedded in products and services. For example, as result of a flaw in the object recognition technology, an autonomous car can wrongly identify an object on the road and cause an accident involving injuries and material damage. This in turn makes it difficult to place liability in case of malfunctioning:
Under the Product Liability Directive, a manufacturer is liable for damage caused by a defective product. However, in the case of an AI based system such as autonomous cars, it may be difficult to prove that there is a defect in the product, the damage that has occurred and the causal link between the two.

What is needed are new methods, where machine learning is integrated with model-based techniques such that machine-learned solutions, typically optimising expected performance, are ensured to not violate crucial safety constraints, and can be certified not to do so. Relevant domains include all types of autonomous systems, where machine learning is applied to control safety critical systems.

The research aim of the project is to develop methods and tools that will enable industry to automatically synthesise correct-by-construction and near-optimal controllers for safety critical 45 systems within a variety of domains. The project will involve a number of scientific challenges including representation of strategies – neural networks (for compactness), decision trees (for explainability). Also, development of strategy learning methods with statistical guarantees is crucial.

A key challenge is understanding and specifying what safety and risk means for model-free controllers based on neural networks. Once formal specifications are created, we aim at combining the existing knowledge about property-based testing, Bayesian probabilistic programming, and model checking.

Value creation
The scientific value of the project are new fundamental theories, algorithmic methods and tools together with evaluation of their performance and adequacy in industrial settings. These are important contributions bridging between the core research themes on AI and Verification in DIREC.

For capacity building the value of the project is to educate PhD students and Post Docs in close collaboration with industry. The profile of these PhD students will meet a demand in the companies for staff with competences on both machine learning, data science and traditional software engineering. In addition, the project will offer a number of affiliated students projects at master-level.

For the growing number of companies relying of using AI in their products the ability to produce safety certification using approved processes and tools will be vital in order to bring safety critical applications to the market. At the societal level trustworthiness of AI-based systems is of prime concern within EU. Here methods and tools for providing safety guarantees can play a crucial role.

Værdi

For det stigende antal virksomheder, der er afhængige af at bruge AI i deres produkter, vil evnen til at producere sikkerhedscertificering ved hjælp af godkendte processer og værktøjer være afgørende for at bringe sikkerhedskritiske applikationer på markedet.

På samfundsniveau er troværdigheden af AI-baserede systemer af største betydning i EU. Her kan metoder og værktøjer til at stille sikkerhedsgarantier spille en afgørende rolle.

Nyheder / omtale

Deltagere

Project Manager

Kim Guldstrand Larsen

Professor

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

E: kgl@cs.aau.dk

Thomas Dyhre Nielsen

Professor

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

Andrzej Wasowski

Professor

IT University of Copenhagen
Department of Computer Science

Martijn Goorden

PostDoc

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

Esther Hahyeon Kim

PhD Student

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

Mohsen Ghaffari

PhD Student

IT University of Copenhagen
Department of Computer Science

Martin Zimmermann

Associate Professor

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

Christian Schilling

Assistant Professor

Aalborg University
Department of Computer Science

Thomas Asger Hansen

Head of Analytics and AI

Grundfos

Daniel Lux

CEO

Seluxit

Karsten Lumbye

Chief Innovation Officer

Aarhus Vand

Kristoffer Tønder Nielsen

Project Manager

Aarhus Vand

Malte Skovby Ahm

Research and business lead

Aarhus Vand

Mathias Schandorff Arberg

Engineer

Aarhus Vand

Gitte Rosenkranz

Project Manager

HOFOR

Susanne Skov-Mikkelsen

Chief Consultant

HOFOR

Lone Bo Jørgensen

Senior Specialist

HOFOR

Partnere

Kategorier
Nyheder

Forskningsdirektør: Et styrket samarbejde mellem forskere og virksomheder vil gøre os til ynglested for fremtidens teknologier

Et styrket samarbejde mellem forskere og virksomheder vil gøre os til ynglested for fremtidens teknologier

Hvis Danmark skal være førende indenfor teknologi, skal vi styrke samarbejdet mellem forskere og virksomheder. Der skal investeres i uafhængig, digital forskning og aktivt arbejdes på, hvordan vi i et fællesskab mellem det offentlige og private kan komme op med nye modeller for samarbejde, skriver Thomas Riisgaard Hansen, Managing Director, DIREC – Digital Research Centre Denmark.

Kategorier
Nyheder

Vores blotte tilstedeværelse som kvindelige it-forskere er ikke nok til at skabe langvarig forandring

Vores blotte tilstedeværelse som kvindelige it-forskere er ikke nok til at skabe langvarig forandring

Af Pernille Bjørn og Valeria Borsotti
Hhv. professor og viceinstitutleder for forskning på Datalogisk Institut, KU og ph.d.-studerende og Diversity Chair på Datalogisk Institut, KU

På trods af at ligestilling mellem mandlige og kvindelige forskere, især indenfor datalogi og øvrige it-fag, længe har fået opmærksomhed i både politik, medier og forskningsprojekter, går udviklingen langsomt.

Vi mener, at en af årsagerne til den langsomme udvikling er, at ligestilling i forskning endnu ikke er blevet gjort til en konkret politisk prioritering, hvor der sættes klare mål for universiteterne.